Columbia

Overview

Colombia faces a dual crisis of internal displacement and an influx of Venezuelan refugees. With a population of 52 million, the country has one of the largest internally displaced populations globally, numbering 6.9 million. Additionally, Colombia has become the primary destination for millions of Venezuelans fleeing economic and political instability, contributing to the country’s complex migration situation.

Country Facts

• Population: Approximately 52 million
• Displaced by the crisis: Colombia is, after Syria, the country with the highest number of internally displaced people (IDPs) in the world: 5.6 million. A huge 89% have been displaced from rural to urban areas by conflict and violence.

Crisis

Colombia is experiencing a compounded humanitarian crisis due to ongoing armed conflict and regional instability. Internally, 6.9 million people have been displaced, with over 278,000 new displacements recorded in 2023 alone primarily affecting Afro-Colombian and Indigenous communities. Simultaneously, Colombia hosts over 2.5 million Venezuelans who have fled political and economic collapse in their home country, many arriving through irregular routes and facing heightened vulnerability. Colombia also serves as a critical transit country for migrants crossing the Darién Gap toward North America. Despite resource limitations, Colombia has introduced innovative programs like Temporary Protection Status to support both IDPs and incoming migrants, though humanitarian needs remain high.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Why are there so many displaced people in Colombia?
Colombia’s long-standing internal conflict, involving armed groups and drug cartels, has displaced millions. Violence, forced recruitment, and land disputes are major factors driving displacement.

How is Colombia handling the influx of Venezuelan refugees?
Colombia has introduced the Temporary Protection Status (TPS) program, which grants legal protection to Venezuelan refugees and migrants, allowing them to access healthcare, education, and work.

What are the key challenges facing refugees and migrants in Colombia?
Refugees and migrants face security risks, lack of documentation, difficulty accessing basic services, and exploitation. The pressure on Colombia’s economy and infrastructure also complicates their integration.

What has Colombia done to support integration for refugees and migrants?
Besides TPS, Colombia has implemented programs like the Graduation Model to help refugees gain economic self-sufficiency through employment training and financial support.

How can I help support displaced people in Colombia?
You can support displaced people through donations to international organizations like UNHCR, which is active in providing shelter, legal assistance, and other essential services to refugees and IDPs in Colombia.