Germany

Overview

Germany remains one of the leading destinations for refugees and asylum seekers in Europe. As a key EU member and strong advocate for humanitarian protection, Germany hosts over 2.7 million displaced people from conflict-affected countries like Syria, Afghanistan, and Ukraine.

Country Facts

• Capital: Berlin
• Population: Approximately 84 million (2023)
• Foreign Population: Around 15% of the total population
• Major Cities: Berlin (3.6 million), Hamburg (1.8 million), Munich (1.5 million)

Crisis

Germany’s significant role in the global refugee response grew in 2015 when it opened its borders to over a million refugees fleeing war and persecution, particularly from Syria. Since then, arrivals from Ukraine, Afghanistan, Iraq, and various African nations have added pressure. Germany continues to face housing shortages, bureaucratic delays in asylum processing, and political debates around migration policy, while civil society remains committed to supporting social inclusion.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Why does Germany host so many refugees and asylum seekers?
Germany has a long-standing commitment to humanitarian protection and international asylum law. As conflicts intensified, it offered refuge to millions and views migration as vital to addressing labor shortages and population aging.

How many refugees and asylum seekers currently live in Germany?
As of 2024, Germany hosts approximately 3.5 million people with international protection, including over 1 million Ukrainians, making it the largest host in the EU.

What support systems are in place for refugees in Germany?
Germany offers a comprehensive asylum process, legal aid, temporary housing, integration programs, language courses, and access to healthcare and education, alongside significant global contributions to UNHCR.

What is Germany’s new immigration law for skilled workers?
In 2024, the Skilled Immigration Act ("Chancenkarte") allows skilled non-EU workers to enter without a job offer and seek employment via a points system evaluating education, experience, age, and language skills.

What challenges does Germany face with its refugee policies?
Despite leadership in resettlement, Germany grapples with housing demands, integration hurdles, and political divisions over asylum policy, while continuing legal reforms and support initiatives.